Terri
Meyer Boake, BES, BArch, MArch, LEED AP Professor School of Architecture University of Waterloo
email: tboake@uwaterloo.ca
Centre for Interactive Research on Sustainablity - UBC - Busby, Perkins and Will Architects
Arch
125:
Principles of Environmental Design
Fall
2015:
Course Home Page
course outline
updated
Sunday, June 19, 2016 1:47 PM
last updated
June 19, 2016 1:47 PM
Course
Description :
An introduction
to the environmental aspects of architectural design and to an analysis
of the form that landscapes take and the processes and ideals leading
to those forms. The relationship of the landscape to microclimates
and building environments. Topics of discussion include environmental
concepts and influences on design, site planning, landscape, sustainability,
solar geometry, embodied energy, climatic influences and
microclimates, passive heating, passive cooling and carbon neutral design basics.
“Since antiquity man has reacted to his environment, using his faculties to develop techniques and technologies, whether to back bread or to make brick, in such internal psychological balance with nature that humanity historically lived attuned to the environment. Man’s creations were natural when built of the materials offered by the landscape…Every advance in technology has been directed toward man’s mastery of his environment. Until very recently, however, man always maintained a certain balance between his bodily and spiritual being and the external world. Disruption of this balance may have a detrimental effect on man, genetically, physiologically or psychologically. And however fast technology advances, however radically the economy changes, all change must be related to the rate of change of man himself. The abstractions of the technologist and the economist must be continually pulled down to Earth by the gravitational force of human nature…” Hassan Fathy, Natural Energy and Vernacular Architecture
“Being green should not be a bragging point, it should be
the way we all act in our everyday lives and work and play places. If
the world was shrunk to the size of a basketball, the biosphere - the
zone of air, water and land where all life exists - would be thinner
than a layer of varnish. That's it. It's finite and fixed
and cannot grow. Humanity has exploded in number, technological
musclepower, consumptive appetite and a global economy and we are now
altering the chemical, physical and biological features of the planet
on a geological scale. The challenge is finding ways to live
in a truly sustainable way in our home, the biosphere.” David
Suzuki
Schedule
of Classes: Wednesdays, 2:00pm to 5:00pm.
Office Hours: Tuesdays, Wednesdays 1pm to 2pm
NOTE: USE OF LAPTOPS IS NOT PERMITTED IN THIS CLASS. PLEASE TAKE NOTES IN NOTEBOOKS. THESE WILL BE PERMITTED FOR USE IN QUIZZES.
IF ATTENDANCE IS STELLAR, POWERPOINTS
AND SLIDE PRESENTATIONS WILL BE POSTED. IF ATTENDANCE SLIPS, THEY WILL NOT BE POSTED
ATTENDANCE IS MANDATORY. MISSING MORE THAN TWO CLASSES WITHOUT A SERIOUSLY DOCUMENTED EXCUSE WILL CONSITUTE FAILURE OF THE COURSE.
1
Sept. 16
RADICAL GREEN - COURSE INTRODUCTION
SOLVING THE PROBLEM NATURALLY
“We must begin by taking note of the countries and climates in which homes are to be built if our designs for them are to be correct. Once type of house seems appropriate for Egypt, another for Spain…one still different for Rome…It is obvious that design for homes ought to conform to diversities of climate.” Vitruvius, Architect 1st century BC
Environmental Footprint
Reading Assignment Part
1 (1 MB)
Environmental Footprint Reading Assignment Part
2 (1 MB)
Project
#1: Ecological Footprint Analysis (10%) Handed out
Students will examine the ‘’Ecological Footprint’’ model
and evaluate their own footprint using a web based calculator. project
outline
2
Sept. 23
Project #1: Hand in to LEARN by 9am today
CLIMATE AND HUMAN COMFORT
Buildings need to provide much more than shelter. They need to keep us comfortable and this is a direct function of our regional climate. A discussion of various climate zones and their relationship to human comfort as impacts the design of the building enclosure or "third skin".
Specific architectural responses to climate.
Vernacular Architecture:
Regionality in architectural design. Specific vernacular responses to climatic
condition. The impact of translating climate specific responses.
READ:
SWL: Entire introduction to using the book, to page 77. This will give you a good overview of what we are looking at this year. The text is organized in terms of relationships, not topics, so we will be flipping about quite a bit.
** Please bookmark p. 24 - 25 as this matrix will give you all of the quicklinks to the sections for the various topics.
There are numerous factors that are driving the change in our climate that may not seem obvious. Many are socially and technologically based. For this assignment the class is making a combined/expanded Pecha Kucha style presentation.
CLIMATE AND THE ENVIRONMENT: INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING SCIENCE Understanding the architectural creation of sublime comfort.
The effects of solar geometry, siting, and geo-regional characteristics
on conceptual building design
Thermal considerations; heat gain and loss; air and vapour barriers
READ:
Canadian Wood Frame House Construction: (link in Arch 172 course page)
Healthy Housing: p. 13-18
Vapour and Air Barriers p. 271-278
Thermal Insulation p. 255-270
Ventilation p. 283-290
Course Notes: Building Science link
4
Oct. 7
Drivers of Change Powerpoint - submit to LEARN by 9am
ORIENTATION, SOLAR GEOMETRY AND SHADING:
The importance of building orientation as it affects solar exposure. Basic principles. Students learn how to use sun angle data to plot shadows,
determine solar gain, understand sun penetration into buildings for various
geographical regions and for differing seasons. Students will learn how
to use a heliodon.
READ:
SWL:
B3 A Solar Neighbourhood p. 128 - 137
S1 Climage as a Resource p. 80 - 81
S2 Energy Conscious Occupant Behaviors p. 82 - 83
S3 Resource Rich Environments
p. 84 - 85
S4 Spatial Zoning p. 86 - 97
S5 Thermal Sailing p. 88 - 89
Quiz
#2 - Solar Geometry and Shading Strategies - 5%
ENVIRONMENTAL SITE DESIGN:
An examination of the residential and smaller scale site with respect to
building placement, sun penetration, landscape elements/choices, wind, services. The effect of material choices on the small "microclimate" that is developed around our buildings. Keyword: Microclimate
READ:
SWL:
B4 Integrated Urban Patterns p. 138 - 147
6
Oct. 21
INTERSTITIAL SPACE - DESIGNING ECO-FRIENDLY URBAN RESIDENTIAL ZONES: A
study of residential neighbourhoods, with emphasis on multi-family building
types, and the design and sizing of the "spaces inbetween".
Emphasis on access to natural light, greenspace, privacy zones.
READ: SWL:
B8 Outdoor Microclimates p. 176 -183
B2 A Cooling Neighbourhood p. 118 - 127
Course Notes: images/course_pdf/125-Ch6.pdf images/course_pdf/125-Ch7.pdf
the 4 key solar charts are also available for download on the course
notes homepage link
Project
#2: The Light Box (20%)
handed out
This project is to be done in groups of 2 students
PASSIVE DESIGN - HEATING STRATEGIES: An examination of passive strategies for heating. In depth look
at case studies and application procedures. Direct gain vs. indirect gain
systems.
READ: SWL:
B7 A Passive Solar Building p. 166 - 175
75 Thermal Mass p. 206 - 207
84 Solar Aperatures p. 208 - 209
106 Window and Glass Types p. 214 - 215
PASSIVE DESIGN - COOLING STRATEGIES: An examination of passive strategies for cooling. In depth look
at case studies and application procedures. Heat avoidance and natural ventilation strategies.
READ: SWL:
B6 A Passively Cooled Building p. 156 - 165
B9 A Responsive Envelope p. 184-193
9
Nov. 11
Project
#2: Lightbox Presentations and Seminar
Each group of students will present their lightbox.
Please note that each person needs to speak. Nobody gets to be mute.
10
Nov. 18
Quiz
#3 - Passive Heating and Cooling - 5% + question on film and DOC
MODELING AND DATA TO HELP YOU DESIGN
There is only so far that you can go with "gut feelings" when you are designing for the climate. Each site is quite unique and has its own potentials and problems. We will look at some tools that can assist with design decisions.
Each group of students will present their smokebox.
THIS TAKES PLACE IN THE WOOD SHOP.
PLEASE WEAR BLACK TO CUT DOWN ON REFLECTIONS FOR THE SMOKEBOX PHOTOS/VIDEO!
12
Dec. 2
INTRODUCTION TO LEED: LEADERSHIP IN ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
In order to be more critical and accurate in the application of environmental strategies, various systems have been developed to certify the performance of buildings. We will end the term by looking at the LEED system as it is the most popular. For Arch 126 in the winter term you will be writing a research paper on a LEED certified building of your choice. The choice of building and the essay outline will be given out today so that you might have a chance to visit your case study building over the end of term break.
Evaluation will be based
both on the formal/technical execution of the projects, as well as the
seminar presentation of material and contributions to the discussions.
Late Penalties:
Projects or assignments submitted after the due date or due time will be penalized 5% per calendar day of lateness, with no maximum.
Course Evaluation:
Quizzes: 15%
- 3 @ 5%
Drivers of Change Assignment: 15%
Project 1: Environmental Footprint 10%
Project 2: Lightbox 20%
Project 3: Smokebox 20%
Project 4:
Solar Analysis of Arch 172 Final Project 20%
Total: 100%
Avoidance of Academic
Offenses
Academic
Integrity:To
create and promote a culture of academic integrity, the behaviour
of all members of the University of Waterloo is based on honesty,
trust, fairness, respect and responsibility. www.uwaterloo.ca/academicintegrity/
Grievance: A student who believes that a decision affecting
some aspect of his/her university life has been unfair or unreasonable may have
grounds for initiating a grievance. Read Policy 70 - Student Petitions and Grievances,
Section 4, http://www.adm.uwaterloo.ca/infosec/Policies/policy70.htm
Discipline: A student is expected to know what constitutes academic
integrity, to avoid committing academic offenses, and to take responsibility
for his/her actions. A student who is unsure whether an action constitutes an
offense, or who needs help in learning how to avoid offenses (e.g., plagiarism,
cheating) or about “rules” for group work/collaboration should seek
guidance from the course professor, academic advisor, or the Undergraduate Associate
Dean. When misconduct has been found to have occurred, disciplinary penalties
will be imposed under Policy 71 – Student Discipline. For information on
categories of offenses and types of penalties, students should refer to Policy
71 - Student Discipline, http://www.adm.uwaterloo.ca/infosec/Policies/policy71.htm
Appeals:A student may appeal the finding and/or penalty in a decision
made under Policy 70 - Student Petitions and Grievances (other than regarding
a petition) or Policy 71 - Student Discipline if a ground for an appeal can be
established. Read Policy 72 - Student Appeals, http://www.adm.uwaterloo.ca/infosec/Policies/policy72.htm
Note
for students with disabilities: The
Office for Persons with Disabilities (OPD), located in Needles Hall,
Room 1132, collaborates with all academic departments to arrange
appropriate accommodations for students with disabilities without
compromising the academic integrity of the curriculum. If you require
academic accommodations to lessen the impact of your disability,
please register with the OPD at the beginning of each academic term.
Once registered with OPD, please meet with the professor, in confidence,
during office hours to discuss your needs.